How did the amalgam wars shape the second golden age of dental history? Amalgam arrived in the 1800s and produced both a leap in efficiency and decades of professional controversy. Amalgam was much easier and faster to place than gold, which had been the previous gold standard for restorative work. The efficiency gain meant more patients could be treated, faster, at lower cost, with acceptable durability. This naturally produced the first great amalgam war, a multi-decade fight within the profession over whether the material was safe and appropriate. The war eventually settled into amalgam being accepted as a workhorse restorative material, [...]